The screw press is a common agricultural and industrial equipment used to extract oils from various plant seeds. It is an efficient machine tool that can be used to produce products such as edible oils, industrial oils and biofuels. This article will introduce in detail the structure and working principle of the screw press, as well as its applications in different fields.

1. Structure of screw press

The main structure of the screw press includes the following parts:

1. Drive system: Screw press is usually driven by electric motor or diesel engine. This system provides the necessary power to spin the spiral and feed the seeds or ingredients into the machine.

2. Feed port: The feed port is where seeds or raw materials are put into the screw press. Typically, raw materials are first placed into the feed opening through a hopper or funnel.

3. Pressing screw: The pressing screw is the core component of the screw press. It is usually a spiral screw with a gradually decreasing outer diameter and threads or spiral grooves in the inner cavity. When the screw rotates, it pushes the raw material forward from the feed port, and due to the gradual reduction of the outer diameter, the raw material is gradually squeezed under the pressure of the screw.

4. Pressing chamber: The pressing chamber is a closed space in a screw press, in which seeds or raw materials are squeezed under the action of the pressing screw. This space is usually composed of wall panels or cylinders to ensure that grease is effectively separated.

5. Oil filter: Screw presses are usually equipped with oil filters to separate the extracted oil and residue. This ensures that the extracted oil is pure.

6. Discharge port: The discharge port is the place where grease and residue are discharged from the screw press. Grease usually flows out of the discharge port, while residue is discharged or accumulated on one side of the machine.

7. Control system: Some advanced screw presses are equipped with automatic control systems that can monitor and adjust the parameters of the pressing process to improve production efficiency and oil quality.

2. Working principle of screw press

The working principle of the screw press can be briefly described as follows:

1. Raw material feeding: Put the seeds or raw materials into the screw press through the feeding port.

2. Pressing process: An electric motor or diesel engine provides power to rotate the spiral. The pressing screw pushes the raw material into the pressing chamber while gradually increasing the pressure. Under the action of the spiral, the grease of the raw material begins to be squeezed out.

3. Grease extraction: The extruded grease is separated through the oil filter, then flows out through the discharge port and collected into a container.

4. Residue discharge: The residue is pushed out of one side of the machine or discharged into the waste container.

5. Control and monitoring: Some advanced screw presses are equipped with control systems that can monitor parameters such as pressure, temperature, and flow, and make adjustments as needed to ensure high-quality oil extraction.

3. Application fields of screw press

Screw presses are widely used in different fields, including but not limited to the following aspects:

Edible oil production: Screw presses are often used to extract edible oils, such as soybean oil, peanut oil, sunflower oil, etc. They can be used for small rural production or large industrial production.

Industrial Oil Production: In addition to edible oils, screw presses can also be used to extract industrial oils such as machinery oils, lubricants, and biofuels.

Plant protein extraction: Screw presses can also be used to extract plant proteins for food processing and feed production.

Sewage treatment: In some cases, screw presses are used to treat sewage and sludge to separate solid and liquid components.

Laboratory Research: Screw presses are also widely used in laboratories for small-scale experiments and research projects.

In short, the screw press is a multifunctional mechanical device whose structure and working principle enable it to extract oils and other useful substances in different fields. Whether used in edible oil production or industrial applications, it plays an important role in improving production efficiency and product quality.

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